MAT200A 03W		Barb Noren Computer driven Performance
Bauhaus Moholy-Nagy    Historical Theater (past)    Theater form today (present)    Theater of Totality (future) Licklider    Man-Computer Symbiosis Synthesis/Realization		Licklider: Man-Computer Symbiosis (1960) In Licklider's article, Symbiosis refers to the period of time between "mechanically extended man" (semi-automatic systems and automation) and "artificial intelligence." "There will... be a fairly long interim during which the main intellectual advances will be made by men and computers working together in intimate association." Two main aims of this symbiosis are to think through in advance to determine unforseen alternatives, which would slow the process of thought, and to have the computer assist in thinking in real time. Licklider describes research he performed on himself, observing the way he thought, and found that about 85% of the time was spent "getting into a position to think." This pushed him to consider the capabilities and special traits of humans versus machines: humans are capable of programming themselves, while machines do what they are told; machines can calculate and come up with alternate solutions much more quickly than humans. These different specialities suggest that symbiotic cooperation would be valuable. Licklider's final suggestion of functions for both sides of the symbiosis are for humans to set goals, supply motivation, and provide hypotheses, while computers should test hypotheses and do clerical computation. He suggests that a machine "will do as much diagnosis, pattern-matching, and relevance-recognizing as it profitably can, but it will accept a clearly secondary status in those areas."